"Academic pursuits are how the mind colonizes the body." - Victoria Santa Cruz

I've been reading this book "Black Rhythms of Peru" about African influence on culture in Peru and what Paul Gilroy refers to as "the Black Pacific." The book talks about the revival of folklore by White Criollo (person of Peruvian and European heritage born in Peru) Jose Durand. His revivalist Pancho Fierro dance company in the 1950's played the highest venues in Lima and laid the groundwork for the 1960s contribution of Victoria and Nicomedes Santa-Cruz's company Camanana.

Whether Durand's influence has been positive or negative is debated. Some argue that he molded the stage show to appeal to audiences and downplayed the erotic nature of the plays, suggesting that he removed this element from the show. Others argue that the plays were never erotic, they were just expected to be by virtue of African stereotypes. He is, however, criticized for the direction that Afro-Peruvian culture went in the 1950s.

The Santa-Cruz's group Cumanana was based on the coreography of Victoria and toured internationally. The plays were crafted by Nicomedes and one satirical one suggests the subtle racism in musical notation. A professor is teaching the students quarter and half notes, respectively the black and white notes. When the professor has to leave the room for something, the students quarrel and wonder why "two black notes equals one white note."

Victoria's coreography is based on the idea of "ancestral memory," which shows diasporic consciousness on the Black Pacific in her works. "Academic pursuits are how the mind colonizes the body," she suggests and I gotta keep that in mind when I retrun to academia next year for ethnomusicology.

Here's a clip from a Cumanana piece "Me gritaron negra" ("I Shouted Black")



Extremely important piece! When I told a Peruvian that I went to Chincha, the heart of Afro-Peruvian culture, she often motioned to her face and say, "Los Morenos" (the Browns). Such responses are not often generated in other Black Atlantic countries, making Afro-Peruvian culture a more interesting topic to investigate.